PROBATION BIBLIOGRAPHY
Topics include History of Federal Probation System, Revocation, Presentence Report and Investigation, Probation Officers, Probationers
There is a separate category for law articles at the bottom of the bibliography.
Compiled in May 2005 by Patrick Fagan

probation officer, federal probation, presentence report or presentence investigation. revocation of probation.

 

“Idaho has highest probation rate,” USA Today (September 25, 2002).

 

“The attitudes and decisions of probation officers,” 9 Criminal Justice and Behavior 4 (1982): 455-475.

 

“The Incredible Shrinking Probation Officer,” 68 Federal Probation 3 (December 2004):  51.

 

Albonetti, Celesta and John Hepburn.  “Probation revocation: a proportional hazards model of the conditioning effects of social disadvantage,” 44 Social Problems 1 (1997): 124-138.

 

Allen, G. Frederick.  “Fines and Restitution Orders: Probationers’ Perceptions,” 58 Federal Probation 2 (June 1994): 34-40.

 

Baird, Christopher and Douglas Holien and Audrey Bakke. “Fees for probation services,” Washington, DC: U.S. National Institute of Corrections, 1986.

 

Baird, Christopher and Douglas Holien and Audrey Bakke.  “Factors that influence probation fee revenues,” National Council on Crime and Delinquency, Prepared for the U.S. National Institute of Corrections, 1987.

 

Barbee, Andy and Mike Eosemberg and Angie Gunter.  “Trends, profile and policy issues related to felony probation revocations in Texas,”  (2002) need source.

 

Barton, Alana.  “Women and Community Punishment: The Probation Hostel as a Semi-Penal Institution for Female Offenders,” 43 Howard Journal of Criminal Justice 2 (May 2004): 149.

Bates, Sanford. “The Establishment and Early Years of the Federal Probation System,”  Federal Probation (June 1987) : 4-9.

 

Benedict, W. and Lin Corzine.  “Return To The Scene Of The Punishment: Recidivism Of Adult Male Property Offenders On Felony Probation, 1986-1989,” 34 Journal of Research in Crime & Delinquency 2 (May 1997): 237.

 

Bensinger, S. and J. Seng.  “Probation in Illinois: some new directions,” 50 Federal Probation 3 (1986): 66-73.

 

            Beuler, Collen.  “Helping Offenders Find Employment,” 61 Federal Probation 1 (March 1997): 35-37.

 

Bonczar, Thomas.  “Characteristics of adults on probation, 1995,”  Washington, DC: U.S. Office of Justice Programs, 1997.

 

Bork, Michael.  “Five-year review of the United States probation data, 1990-94,” 59 Federal Probation 4 (December 1995): Pg#.

 

Bowker, Arthur.  “Reduce: The six aims of financial investigations for probation officers,” 62  Federal Probation 1 (June 1998): 22.

 

Brown, Paul.  “Probation officer burnout: an organizational disease/an organizational cure,” 50  Federal Probation  1 (1986): 4-7.

 

Brown, Paul.  “Probation officer burnout: an organizational disease/an organizational cure, part II. 51 Federal Probation  3 (1987): 17-21.

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. "Probation and Parole in the United States, 2003,"  (July 2004): NCJ 205336.

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. "Characteristics of Adults on Probation, 1995," (December 1997): NCJ 164267.

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. "Probation and Parole Populations 1995," (June 1996): NCJ 161722.

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. "Probation and Parole Violators in State Prison, 1991," (August 1995): NCJ 149076.

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. "Women Offenders," (December 1999): NCJ 175688.

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. "Women in Prison," (March 1994): NCJ 145321.

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. "Profile of Nonviolent Offenders Exiting State Prisons," (October 10, 2004): NCJ 207081.

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. "Recidivism of Prisoners Released in 1983," (April 1989): NCJ 116261.

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. "Substance Abuse and Treatment of Adults on Probation, 1995): (March 3, 1998): NCJ 166611.

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. "Mental Health and Treatment of Inmates and Probationers," (1999): NCJ 174463.

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. "Probation and Parole in the United States 1998." (1999): NCJ 178234.

 

Carmen, Rolando.  “Legal responsibilities of probation and parole officers: trends, general advice, and questions,” 45 Federal Probation 3 (1981): 21-24.

 

Castellano, Thomas and Michael Ferguson.  “A time study of juvenile probation services in Illinois,” Center for the Study of Crime, Delinquency and Corrections, Southern Illinois University, 1998.

 

Clake, Steven.  “What Is the Purpose of Probation and Why Do We Revoke It?” 25 Crime and Delinquency 4 (October 1979): 409.

 

Clear, Todd.  “Places not Cases?: Re-thinking the Probation Focus,” 44 Howard Journal of Criminal Justice 2 (May 2005): 172.

 

Clear, Todd and Kenneth Gallagher. “Probation and Parole Supervision: A Review of Current Classification Practices,” 31 Crime & Delinquency 3 (July 1985): 423.

 

Cochran, Donald.  “Intensive Probation Supervision in Massachusetts: A case study in change,”  Federal Probation (): 32-41. need citation

 

Cohen, Robyn.  “Probation and parole violators in state prison, 1991,”  Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1995.

 

Cohn, Alvin. “Presentence Investigation Report: An old saw with new teeth,” 54 Federal Probation 3 (September 1990): 15-23.

 

Colley, Lori and Robert Culbertson and Edward Latessa.  “Juvenile probation officers: a job analysis,” 38 Juvenile and Family Court Journal 3 (1987): 1-12.

Colley, Lori and Robert Culbertson and Edward Latessa.  “Probation officer job analysis: rural-urban differences,” 50 Federal Probation 4 (1986): 67-71.

 

Conrad, John. “Return To John Augustus,” Federal Probation (December 1987): 22-27.

 

Cook, Stephen.  “Mediation as an alternative to probation revocation proceedings,” 59 Federal Probation 4 (1995): 48-52.

 

Cosgrove, Edward.  “ROBO-PO: The life and times of a federal probation officer,” 58 Federal Probation 3 (1994): 29-30.

 

Crew, Keith and Gene Lutz and Judith McDowell.  “An analysis of probation revocation in the First Judicial District of Iowa,” (1998). need citation

 

Crosland, Paul.  “Searching for proof of probation officer effectiveness,” 42 Probation Journal 3 (1995): 126-134.

 

Crouch, Ben.  “Is incarceration really worse? Analysis of offenders' preferences for prison over probation,” 10 Justice Quarterly 1 (1993): 67-88.

 

            Cushman, Robert and Dale Sechrest.  “Variations in the administration of probation supervision,” 56 Federal Probation 3 (September 1992): 19.

 

Curtis, Russell and William Reese and Michael Cone. “Cynicism among juvenile probation officers: a study of subverted ideals,” 18 Journal of Criminal Justice (1990): 501-517.

 

D'Anca, Alfred.  “The Role of the Federal Probation Officer in the Guidelines Sentencing System,” 65 Federal Probation 3 (December 2001).

 

Dawson, John.  “Felons sentenced to probation in state courts, 1986,” U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1990.

 

Drass, Kriss and William Spencer.  “Accounting for pre-sentencing recommendations: typologies and probation officers' theory of office,” 34 Social Problems  3 (1987): 277-293.

 

Dickey, Walter.  “From the bottom up: probation and parole supervision in Milwaukee,” Continuing Education and Outreach, University of Wisconsin Law School, 1990.

 

Durose, Matthew and Patrick Langan. "State Court Sentencing of Convicted Felons, 2000. (June 2003): NCJ 198822.

 

Ellsworth, Thomas.  “Identifying the actual and preferred goals of adult probation,” 54 Federal Probation 2 (June 1990): 10-15.

 

Ellsworth, Thomas and Karin Helle.  “Older offenders on probation,”58 Federal Probation 4 (December 1994): 43.

 

Erwin, Billie.  “Old and new tools for the modern probation officer,” 36 Crime & Delinquency 1 (January 1990): 61.

 

Eskridge, Chris. “Education and Training of Probation Officers: A critical assessment,” : 41-48. need citation

 

            Evjen, Victor.  “Federal Probation System: The struggle to achieve it and its first 25 years,” 61 Federal Probation 1 (March 1997): 81-92.

 

Frances, P. and Betsy Kreisel.  “Training Juvenile Probation Officers: National Trends and Patterns,” 64 Federal Probation 2 (December 2000): 28.

 

Frederick, Allen.  “ Probationers Speak: Analysis of the probationers’ experiences and attitudes,” XLIX Federal Probation 3 (September 1985): 67-75. check this author’s name

 

Frishtik, Mordechai.  “The probation officer's recommendation in his investigation report,” 13 Journal of Offender Counseling Services and Rehabilitation 1 (1988): 101-132.

 

Fulton, Betsy and Amy Stichman and Lawrence Travis.  “Moderating probation and parole officer attitudes to achieve desired outcomes,” 77 Prison Journal 3 (1997): 295-312.

 

Gaarder, Emily and Nancy Rodriguez  and Marjorie Zatz.  “Criers, Liars, And Manipulators: Probation Officers' Views Of Girls,” 21 Justice Quarterly 3 (September 2004): 547.

 

Galaway, Burt.  “Probation as a Reparative Sentence,” Federal Probation (): 9-15. need citation

 

Gibbs, John.  “Inside Supervision: A thematic analysis of interviews with probationers,”

 Federal Probation (): 40-46. need citation

 

Glaser, Daniel.  “Who gets probation and parole: case study versus actuarial decision making,” 31 Crime and Delinquency 3 (1985): 367-378.

 

Glaze, Lauren and Seri Palla.  “Probation and Parole in the United States, 2003,” National Criminal Justice Reference Service [www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/ ppus03.htm].

 

Gray, Kevin and Monique Fields and Sheila Maxwell.  “Examining probation violations: Who, what, and when,” 47  Crime and Delinquency 4 (October 2001): 537-557.

 

Goodwin, Catherine.  “The independent role of the probation officer at sentencing and in applying Koon v. United States,” 60 Federal Probation 3 (September 1996): 71.

 

Hansen, Christopher.  “Where Have All the Probation Officers Gone?” 65 Federal Probation 1 (June 2001): 51.

 

Harris, Patricia and Rebecca Petersen and Samantha Rapoza.  “Between probation and revocation: A study of intermediate sanctions decision making,” 29 Journal of Criminal Justice 4 (2001): 307-318.

 

Hartman, Henry.  “Interviewing techniques in probation and parole. IIII: The initial interview, Part I,” Federal Probation  (): 52-58. need citation

 

Hartman, Henry.  “Interviewing techniques in probation and parole. IV: The initial interview (Part 2),” 43 Federal Probation 4 (1979): 60-66.

 

Hartman, Henry.  “Interviewing techniques in probation and parole. I: Building the relationship,” Federal Probation : 60-66.  need citation

 

Hellum, Frank. State and local adult probation systems in the United States.  Washington, DC: U.S. National Institute of Corrections, 1984.

 

Hill, Elizabeth.  “The State of California's Probation System,”  Washington, DC: California Legislative Analyst's Office, 1994.

 

Holgate, Alina and Ian Clegg.  “The path to probation officer burnout: new dogs, old tricks,” 19 Journal of Criminal Justice  4 (1991): 325-337.

 

            Hughes, John and Karen Henkel.  “Federal Probation and Pretrial Services System Since 1975: an era of growth and change,” 61 Federal Probation 1 (March 1997): 103-111.

 

            Juebner, Emily.  “The Federal Judicial Center and the Probation and Pretrial Serves System,” 61 Federal Probation 1 (March 1997): 63-70.

 

Jaffe, Harry.  “The presentence report, probation officer accountability, and recruitment practices: some influences of guideline sentencing,” 53 Federal Probation 3 (1989): 12-14.

 

Janes, Richard.  “Total quality management: Can it work in federal probation?” 57 Federal Probation 4 (December 1993): 28.

 

Johnson, Welsley and Mark Jones.  “Probation, race, and the war on drugs: an empirical analysis of drug and non-drug felony probation outcomes,” 28 Journal of Drug Issues 4 (1998): 985-1003.

 

            Jones, Justin.  “Probation And Parole: The Savior of Corrections,” 65 Corrections Today 1 (February 2003): 34.

 

Jones, Mark.  “Voluntary revocations and the `elect-to-serve' option in North Carolina probation,”  42 Crime and Delinquency 1 (January 1996): 36.

 

Jones, Mark and Rolando del Carmen.  “When do probation and parole officers enjoy the same immunity as judges?” 56 Federal Probation 4 (December 1992): 36.

 

Klein, Marta.  “Constitutional pitfalls for probation and parole officers,” Journal of Probation and Parole 13 (1981): 7-11.

 

Kushner, Andrea and Anthony Mata and Mark Myrent. “The organization, caseloads, and costs of probation and parole in Illinois and the United States,” Illinois Criminal Justice Authority, 1995.

 

Langan, Patrick and Mark Cunniff.  “Recidivism of felons on probation, 1986-89,”   Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1992.

 

Lanier, Mark and Cloud Miller.  “Attitudes and practices of federal probation officers toward pre-plea/trial investigative report,” 41 Crime & Delinquency 3 (July 1995): 364.

 

Leibrich, Julie.  “What do offenders say about supervision and going straight,” 58 Federal Probation 2 (June 1994): 41-45.

 

            Lindner, Charles. “Evolution of Probation,” 48 Federal Probation (March 1984): 3-10.

 

Love, Kevin.  “Paraprofessionals in parole and probation services: selection, training, and program evaluation,” 9 Journal of Criminal Justice 5 (1981): 367-374.

 

MacDonal, Scott and Cynthia Hart.  “Communication Between Probation Officers and Judges: An Innovative Model,” 63 Federal Probation 1 (June 1999): 42.

 

Mackenzie, Doris and Katharine Browning.  “The Impact of Probation on the Criminal Activities of Offenders,”  36 Journal of Research in Crime & Delinquency 4 (November 1999): 423.

 

Mawby, Rob.  “Probation officers views of probation- a survey in West Yorkshire - a survey in West Yorkshire,” University of Leeds, Centre for Social Work and Applied Social Studies, 1985.

 

Mawby, Rob and Rob Worrall.  “ ‘Polibation’ revisited: policing, probation and prolific offender projects,” 6 International Journal of Police Science & Management 2 (Summer 2004): 63.

 

Mayzer, Roni and Kevin Gray and Sheila Maxwell.  “Probation absconders: A unique risk group?” 32 Journal of Criminal Justice 2 (2004): 137-150.

 

McCarthy, Belina and Robert Langworthy.  “Older offenders on probation and parole,”  12 Journal of Offender Counseling Services and Rehabilitation 1 (1987):  7-26.

 

Miller, Dane and Richard Sluder and Dennis Laster.  “Can Probation Be Revoked When Probationers Do Not Willfully Violate the Terms or Conditions of Probation?” 63 Federal Probation 1 (June 1999): 23-29.

 

Minor, Kevin. “Recidivism Among Federal Probationers: Predicting sentence violations,” 67 Federal Probation 1 (June 2003): 31-35.

 

            Monteforte, Steven.  “Admissibility of evidence in probation/parole revocation proceedings and in criminal prosecutions: applying a single standard,” 50 Fordham Law Review 5 (1982): 936-962.

 

            Morgan, Jerry.  “Information processing in a probation office: the Southern District of Georgia experience,” 46 Federal Probation 3 (1982): 16-21.

 

            Morgan, Kathryn.  “A study of probation and parole supervision fee collection in Alabama,” 20 Criminal Justice Review 1: (1995): 45-54.

 

            Morgan, Kathryn.  “Factors influencing probation outcome: A review of the literature,” 57 Federal Probation, 2 (June 1993):  23.

 

            Morgan, Kathryn.  “Officer Attitudes About Supervision Fee Collection in Alabama,” 59 Federal Probation, 4 (December 1995): 62-65.

 

National Criminal Justice Reference Center. "Addressing Probation and Parole Officer Stress," (October 2003): NCJ 207012.

 

National Institute of Justice. "Addressing Correctional Officer Stress: Programs and Strategies," (February 2001): NCJ 183474.

 

National Institute of Justice. "Research on Women and Girls in the Justice System," September 2000): NCJ 180973.

 

Norlan, Stephen and Priscilla Mann.  “Being troublesome: women on probation,” 11 Criminal Justice and Behavior 2 (1984): 115-135.

 

Norman, Michael.  “Utah Presentence Investigation Reports: User group perceptions of quality and effectiveness,” 64 Federal Probation 1 (June 2000): 8-12.

 

O’Donnell, Clare and Christine Stephens.  “The impact of organizational, social environmental and job content stressors on the work-related strains of probation officers,” 34 Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology 2 (2001): 193-203.

 

Office of Justice Programs.. "Rethinking Probation: Community Supervision, Community Safety," (1999): NCJ 178236.

 

Office of Justice Programs.  “Women in Criminal Justice: A Twenty Year Update," (1998): NCJ 173416.

 

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. "Probation Model,"  (September 1990): NCJ 142681.

 

            O’Leary, Vincent.  “Probation: A system in change,”  Federal Probation (December 1987): 8-11. need citation

 

Olson, David and Arthur Lurigio.  “Predicting probation outcomes: factors associated with probation rearrest, revocations, and technical violations during supervision,” 2 Justice Research and Policy 1 (2000): 73-86.

 

Olson, David and Megan Alderden and Arthur Lurigio.  “Men are from Mars, women are from Venus, but what role does gender play in probation recidivism?”  5 Justice Research and Policy 2 (2003): 33-54.

 

            Olson, David and Ralph Weisheit and Thomas Ellsworth.  “Getting down to business: A comparison of rural and urban probationers, probation sentences, and probation outcomes,” 17 Journal of Criminal Justice 1 (2001): 4-18.

 

Olson, David and Loretta Stalans.  “Violent Offenders on Probation: Profile, Sentence, and Outcome Differences Among Domestic Violence and Other Violent Probationers,” 7 Violence Against Women 10 (October 2001): 1164-1185.

 

Oregon Department of Corrections.  “From community supervision to prison: a study of felony probation and parole revocations,” (1992).

 

Paparozzi Mario.  “Reinventing Probation From The Top Down: A Look At Leadership,” 61 Corrections Today 7 (December 1999): 118.

 

Parent, Dale and Dan Wentworth and Peggy Burke.  “Responding to probation and parole violators,” Washington, DC: U.S. National Institute of Justice, 1994.

 

            Petersilia, Joan.  “When probation becomes more dreaded than prison,” 54 Federal Probation 1 (1990): 23-27.

 

            Piar, Daniel.  “A Uniform Code of Procedure for Revoking Probation,” 31 American Journal of Criminal Law 1 (Fall, 2003): 117.

 

Piehl, Anne Morrison.  “Probation in Wisconsin,”  5 Wisconsin Policy Research Institute Report 4 (1992).

 

Pierson, Jane and Thomas Densmore and John Shevlin.  “A day in the life of a federal probation officer—revisited,”  56 Federal Probation 4 (1992): 18-28.

 

Polisity, RJ.  “Enhancing the job satisfaction of probation and parole officers,”
4 Corrections Today 1: (1981): 78-81, 88.

 

Purkiss, Marcus and Misty Kifer and Craig Hemmens.  “Probation Officer Functions--A Statutory Analysis,” 67 Federal Probation 1 (June 2003): 12.

 

            Read, Edward.  “Variety On The Job: Special Skills, Special Duties In Federal Probation,” 61 Federal Probation 1 (March 1997): 25-28.

 

Reddington, Frances and Betsy Kreisel.  “Training juvenile probation officers: National trends and practice,” 64 Federal Probation 2 (2000): 28-32.

 

Ring, Charles.  “Probation supervision fees: shifting costs to the offender,” 53 Federal Probation 2 (1989): 43-48.

 

Rosecrance, John.  “Maintaining the myth of individualized justice: probation presentence reports,” 5 Justice Quarterly 2 (1988): 235-256.

 

Rosecrance, John.  “A typology of presentence probation investigators,” 31 International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 2 (1987): 163-177.

 

Rush, Jeffrey.  “Juvenile probation officer cynicism,” 16 American Journal of Criminal Justice 2 (1992): 1-16.

 

Sanchez, Marilyn.  “Probation officers do make a difference,” 46 Federal Probation 1 (1982): 77-81.

 

Seiter, Richard and Angela West.  “Supervision styles in probation and parole: An analysis of activities,” 38 Journal of Rehabilitation 2 (2003): 57-75.

 

Sieh, Edward.  “From Augustus to the Progressives: A study of probation’s formative years,” 57 Federal Probation 3 (1993): 67.

 

Shearer, Robert. “Identifying the Special Needs of Female Offenders,” 67 Federal Probation 1 (June 2003): 46-51.

 

Sims, Barbara and Mark Jones. “Predicting success or failure on probation: factors associated with felony probation outcomes,” 43 Crime and Delinquency 3 (1997): 314 – 327.

 

Simmons, Calvin and John Cochran and Williams Blount.  “The effects of job-related stress and job satisfaction on probation officers' inclinations to quit,” 21 American Journal of Criminal Justice 2 (1997): 213-229.

 

Slate, Risdon and Terry Wells and Wesley Johnson.  “Opening the manager's door: State probation officer stress and perceptions of participation in workplace decision making,”49 Crime and Delinquency 4 (2003): 519-542.

 

Sluder, Richard and Frances Reddington.  “An empirical examination of the work ideologies of juvenile and adult probation officers,” 20 Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 1/2  (1993): 115-137.

 

Sluder, Richard and Robert Shearer.  “Personality types of probation officers,” 56 Federal Probation 4 (1992): 29-35.

 

Smith, Alexander. “Research in a probation department: 22 years later,”  Federal Probation (September 1984): 25.

 

Stephen, Jackie.  “The misrepresentation of women offenders: gender differences in explanations of crime in probation officers' reports,” Probation Monographs,  Norwich, UK: University of East Anglia, Social Work Monographs, 1993.

 

Stinchcomb, Jeanne and Daryl.  Hippensteel.  “Presentence Investigation Reports: A Relevant Justice Model Tool or a Medical Model,” 12 Criminal Justice Policy Review 2 (2001): 164-177.

 

            Storm, John.  “What United States probation officers do,” 61 Federal Probation 1 (March 1997): 13-18.

 

Tarr, Thomas. “Federal and state probation systems in New Hampshire--a comparison,” 61 Federal Probation 1 (March 1997): 71-80.

 

            Thomas, Robert.  “Stress Perception Among Select Federal Probation and Pretrial Services Officers and Their Supervisors,” 52 Federal Probation 3 (September 1988): 48-58.

 

Vito, Gennaro.  “Felony probation and recidivism: replication and response,” 50 Federal Probation 4 (1986): 17-25.

 

Vito, Gennaro.  “Drug Testing, Treatment, and Revocation: A review of program findings,” 54 Federal Probation 3 (September 1990): 37-43.

 

Walsh, Anthony.  “The role of the probation officer in the sentencing process: independent professional or judicial hack?” 12 Criminal Justice and Behavior 3 (1985): 289-303.

 

Wheeler, Gerald and Rodney Hissong and Therese Macan. “The effects of probation service fees on case management strategy and sanctions,” 17 Journal of Criminal Justice 1 (1989): 15-24.

 

Whitehead, John.  Burnout in probation and corrections.  Praeger, 1989.

 

Whitehead, John and Susan Gunn.  “Probation employee job attitudes: a qualitative analysis,” 11 Journal of Crime and Justice 1 (1988): 143-164.

 

Whitehead, John.  “Probation officer job burnout: a test of two theories,” 15 Journal of Criminal Justice 1 (1987): 1-16.

 

Whitehead, John.  “Research note: gender differences in probation: a case of no differences,” 3 Justice Quarterly 1 (1986): 51-65.

 

Whitehead, John.  “Job burnout and job satisfaction among probation managers,” 14 Journal of Criminal Justice  1 (1986): 25-35.

Whitehead, John.  “Job burnout in probation and parole: its extent and intervention implications,” 12  Criminal Justice Behavior 1 (1985): 91-110.

 

Worrall, John and Pam Schram and Eric Hays. “An analysis of the relationship between probation caseloads and property crime rates in California counties,”32  Journal of Criminal Justice 3 (2004): 231-241.

 

Legal Articles

 

“Probation Revocation In Maryland: The Effect Of Nonfinal And Reversed Criminal Convictions,” 42 Maryland Law Review 196 (Fall 1983).

 

Alexander, Patrick.  “Pennsylvania Board of Probation & Parole v. Scott: Who Should Swallow the Bitter Pill of the Exclusionary Rule? The Supreme Court Passes the Cup,” 31 Loyola University Chicago Law Journal 69 (Fall 1999).

 

Bieluch, Brian.  “Thirty-First Annual Review Of Criminal Procedure: IV. Sentencing: Probation,” 90 Georgetown Law Journal 1813 (May 2002).

 

Brilliant, Jon.  “The Modern Day Scarlet Letter: A Critical Analysis Of Modern Probation Conditions,” Duke Law Journal (November 1989): 1357.

 

Byokawski, Teresa.  “Forfeiture of Motor Vehicles, Proceeds and Money Used to Facilitate Child Prostitution; Offenses Against Public Administration: Change Penalties for Escape; Criminal Procedure: Sentencing; Penal Institutions: Probation; Revocation,” 18 Georgia State University Law Review 47 (Fall 2001).

 

Bureau of Justice Statistics. “National Correctional Population Reaches New High Grows by 126,400 During 2000 to Total 6.5 Million Adults,” (August 28, 2001).

 

Doyle, Joseph.  “The Due Process Need for Postponement or Use Immunity in Probation Revocation Hearings Based on Criminal Charges,” 68 Minnesota Law Review 1077 (May 1984).

 

Dzubin, Richard.  “Abrogating The Exclusionary Rule Outside Of The Criminal Trial Context? Pennsylvania Board of Probation & Parole v. Scott: One step closer to a per se rule in Fourth Amendment Jurisprudence, 33 University of Richmond Law Review 631 (May 1999).

 

Eggers, Stacy.  “A Fourth Amendment Problem with Probation in North Carolina,” 23 Campbell Law Review 143 (Fall 2000).

 

Gibbs, Robert. “Supervised Probation,” Miss. AG LEXIS 693 (November 1, 1989).

 

Gibbs, Robert. “Community Service Work As A Condition Of Probation,” Miss. AG LEXIS 177 (June 24, 1985).

 

Grooms,  Troy.  “Working With Federal Probation Officers Toward Appropriate Sentences,” 7 Nevada Lawyer 13 (September, 1999): 13.

 

Herman, Jason. “This Court Has No Jurisdiction: A Look At Probation And Community Control Revocation Proceedings In Light Of Boyd And F.S. § 901.02(1)” 75 Florida Bar Journal 71 (January 2001).

 

Hladio, Andrew and Robert J. Taylor.  “Parole, Probation And Due Process,” 70 Pennsylvania Bar Association 168 (October 1999).

 

Hood, Ryan.  “Authority of a court to contract with a private firm to collect outstanding fines,” Miss. AG LEXIS 414 (December 8, 1988.)

 

Hood, Ryan. “Municipal Judge's authority to establish probation programs,” Miss. AG LEXIS 354 (May 18, 1989).

 

Lanford, Mike. “Alternative Sentencing,” Miss. AG LEXIS 255 (April 11, 1995).

 

Lanford, Mike. “Alternative Sentencing,” Miss. AG LEXIS 888 (November 20, 1991).

 

Lanford, Mike. “House Arrest Program,” Miss. AG LEXIS 602 (August 31, 1995).

 

Lanford, Mike.  "Local Probation Programs," Miss. AG LEXIS 714 (December 16, 1992).

 

Lautz, Fred.  “Equal Protection And Revocation Of An Indigent's Probation For Failure To Meet Monetary Conditions: Bearden v. Georgia,” Wisconsin Law Review 121 (January/February 1985).

 

Lydon, Timothy. “Twenty-Eighth Annual Review Of Criminal Procedure: Probation, 87 Georgetown Law Journal 1734 (May 1999).

 

            Meeker, Ben.  “Federal Probation System: Second 25 years,” 61 Federal Probation 1 (March 1997): 93-102.

 

Miller, Jason.  “Collateral Estoppel Applies to Evidentiary Ruling in Probation Revocation Hearing,” 4 The Lawyers Journal 2 (October 4, 2002).

 

Nahari, Mihal.  “Due Process And Probation Revocation: The Written Statement Requirement,” 56 Fordham Law Review  759 (March 1988).

 

Natali, Jessica.  “The Supreme Court Gives Parole Officers Carte Blanche to Invade Parolees' Fourth Amendment Privacy Rights - Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole v. Scott, 524 U.S. 357 (1998)” 73 Temple Law Review 451 (Spring 2000).

 

Petersilia, Joan.  “Probation in the United States,” 22 Crime and Justice  149 (1997).

 

Piar, Daniel.  “A Uniform Code of Procedure for Revoking Probation,” 31 American Journal of Criminal Law 117 (Fall 2003).

 

Pierce, Charlene.  “Earned Probation Program,” Miss. AG LEXIS 358 (April 25, 2003).

 

Roberson, Matthew.  “Constitutionality Of Warrantless Searches As A Condition Of Probation,” 25 Campbell Law Review  181 (Spring 2003).

 

Schwartz, Ellen.  “Criminal Procedure: Do Illegal Searches Warrant Exclusion From Probation Revocation Hearings?”  49 Brooklyn Law Review 1013 (Summer 1983).

 

Scott, David. “Alternative to Incarceration,”  Miss. AG LEXIS 295 (June 26, 1998).

 

Scott, David.  “Apprehending Probation Violators,”  Miss. AG LEXIS 280 (June 28, 1996).

 

Scott, David. “Earned Probation Program,”  Miss. AG LEXIS 457 (September 19, 1997).

 

Vito, Gennaro.  “Felony Probation and Recidivism: Replication and Response,” Federal Probation : 17-24. need citation

 

Wahler, Cindy.  “Assessing Correctional Officers,” Federal Probation (): 70-74. need citation

 

Webb, Shelby.  “Warning to Probationers: Admissions Made to Your Probation Officer Without Prior Warning Can Be Used Against You in a Subsequent Criminal Proceeding -- Minnesota v. Murphy,” 28 Howard Law Journal 355 (1985).

 

Wile, Timothy.  “Survey Of Significant Developments In The Law: Probation And Parole,” 66 Pennsylvania Bar Association 152 (October 1995).

 

            Wolf, Thomas.  “What United States Pretrial Services Officers do,” 61 Federal Probation 1 (March 1997): 19-24.

 

            Yona, Cohn.  “On the Presentence Investigation,”  Federal Probation (): 46-48. need citation